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Journal Article High-yield Graphene Exfoliation Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Accompanied by Alcohols as Surface-Tension-Reducing Agents in Aqueous Solution
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Authors
Changbong Yeon, Sun Jin Yun, Kyu-Sung Lee, Jung Wook Lim
Issue Date
2015-03
Citation
Carbon, v.83, pp.136-143
ISSN
0008-6223
Publisher
Elsevier
Language
English
Type
Journal Article
DOI
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.11.035
Abstract
The exfoliation of graphite was investigated in aqueous solutions containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a surfactant. The exfoliation was greatly enhanced near the surface aggregation concentration (SAC) of SDS, 2.6 mM, and then decreased for higher SDS contents. However, the flakes exfoliated near the SAC were graphite, whereas graphene was obtained above the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The effect of the use of alcohols as surface-tension-reducing agents (STRAs) on the exfoliation was then investigated. With ethyl alcohol, a dispersion of 2.1 mg ml-1 graphene was achieved from 2.6 mM SDS after only 1 h of sonication, whereas a dispersion of 0.2 mg ml-1 was obtained above the CMC in the absence of STRAs. The results demonstrate that the SDS content near the SAC is highly beneficial for exfoliation as long as the surface tension is maintained near 41.0 mN ml-1. This finding supports the notion that the structure of the adsorbed SDS, depending on its concentration, strongly affects the exfoliation of graphite into graphene.
KSP Keywords
1 H, Aqueous solution, Ethyl alcohol, High yield, Reducing agent, Sodium dodecyl sulfate, Surface aggregation, Surface tension(ST), critical micelle concentration (cmc), graphene exfoliation