본 논문은 자율주행자동차의 핵심 기술인 주행환경 인식기술과 관련하여 도로 영역인 주행 가능한 영역을 인식하는 방법에 대해서 제안한다. 기존 많이 사용했던 2D LiDAR 또는 카메라를 이용한 방법들은 2D 정보 기반으로 평지 환경에서의 주행 가능영역 인식에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되어 왔지만, 오르막(내리막) 또는 굴곡이 있는 도로 등에 대한 다양한 도로 유형에 대한 고려는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서 굴곡이 있는 도로 환경에서 주행가능영역인식의 성능을 향상시키기 위해서 3D Lidar 센서로 획득된 3D Point Cloud 정보를 기반으로 기존의 널리 사용되었던 수직 방향의 높이정보를 통한 도로 영역을 분류하는 방법과 달리 Gradient 정보 기반으로 MRF 모델을 적용하고, LBP(Loopy Belief Propagation)방법을 통하여 도로 영역을 분류하는 방법을 제안하였다. 본 방법의 타당성을 보이기 위해서 실제 실험차량을 통해서 실제 도로의 데이터를 획득하고, 각도로 유형별에 따른 결과 및 분석을 통해서 본 방법의 성능의 우수성을 제시하였다.
KSP Keywords
2D LiDAR, 3D LIDAR, 3D point cloud, Markov Random Field, belief propagation(BP), loopy belief propagation
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