TCP/IP 네트워크 5 계층의 엄격한 계층 구조는 정보의 캡슐화(capsulation) 기능을 통해 네트워크 통신의 표준 규약을 결정하고, 네트워크 구현을 용이하게 한다. 그러나 정보의 캡슐화는 QoS(Quality of Service) 저하, 지연, 과부하 등 일부 부작용을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 이를 경감시키기 위해 TCP/IP 모델 내 다양한 교차 계층 설계가 제안되고 있다. 기본적으로 교차 계층 설계는 보안, QoS, 이동성 등의 무선 네트워크 성능을 개선시키기 위해 5 계층 간에 정보를 공유한다. 본 고에서는 각각 독립적인 두 가지 분류 방식에 따라 교차 계층 설계의 유형을 분류하고, 교차 계층 기술 간의 공존, 계층 간의 신호 방식, 범용 교차 계층 설계의 필요성, 그리고 기존 계층적 구조의 해체 등 교차 계층 설계 시 발생되는 문제들을 다룬다.
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