제로에너지빌딩(Zero Energy Building: ZEB)은 단열 성능을 극대화하여 에너지 요구량은 최소화하고, 태양광ㆍ지열 등 신재생에너지를 활용하여 냉난방 등 에너지를 자급자족하는 건물을 말한다. 제로에너지빌딩기술은 건설-IT 융합의 핵심요소이며, ① 청정에너지 전력원 개발, ② 절전형 스마트윈도 개발, ③ 생성된 청정전력원의 고효율 전력변환을 위한 전력 모듈 기술개발, ④ 전력을 저장, 배분, 관리하는 빌딩에너지관리시스템(BEMS) 기술개발, ⑤ BEMS의 핵심 소자/부품/시스템 기술개발 등으로 구성되어 있다. 핵심요소인 빌딩에너지관리시스템(Building Energy Management System: BEMS)은 ‘블랙아웃’ 사태를 막는 첨병으로 여름철 냉방기 가동률이 급증하면서부터 주목을 받기 시작하였다. 최근 3~4년간 에어컨 보급과 지구온난화의 영향으로 에너지 소비도 급증하고 있으며, 5,000개 빌딩에 BEMS를 적용하면 1년에 2,500억 원을 절약할 수 있다. 본 고에서는 미국, 유럽, 일본, 한국 등 주요국의 제로에너지빌딩 정책과 업체들의 개발 동향을 살펴본 후 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.
KSP Keywords
Building energy management system, zero energy buildings(ZEB)
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