병원의 X선 및 CT 영상, 반도체 소자 내의 결함분석, 공항의 보안검색 등 다양한 분야에 X선이 사용되고 있다. 지금까지는 이러한 X선을 발생시키기 위해 고온으로 가열하여 전자를 방출시키는 열전자원이 사용됐으나, 높은 소비전력과 디지털 구동의 어려움 등의 단점이 존재한다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해 전계방출원 기술, 특히 탄소나노튜브를 이용한 나노전자원의 제조 및 디지털 엑스선 튜브 응용 기술에 관한 연구가 최근 활발히 진행 중이다. 이 글을 통해 디지털 시대에 부합하는 탄소나노튜브 기반 나노전자원 및 이를 이용한 디지털 엑스선 튜브의 개념 및 제조기술을 소개하고, ETRI 및 다른 기관들에서 개발 중인 최신 기술개발 동향을 소개하고자 한다.
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