의존 구문분석은 문장의 구조적 중의성을 해소하는 문제로, 최근 다양한 딥러닝 기술이 적용되어 높은 성능을 보이고 있다. 본 논문은 딥러닝을 이용한 의존구문분석을 크게 3가지 단계로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 첫 번째는 의존 구문분석의 단위가 되는 어절에 대한 벡터 표현 단계, 두 번째는 각 어절의 주위 어절 정보를 반영하는 문맥 반영 단계, 마지막은 문맥 반영된 어절 정보에 기반한 지배소 및 의존관계 인식 단계이다. 본 논문에서는 어절 표현 방법으로 CNN 모델에서 많이 사용하는 max-pooling 방법을 제안하고, 문맥반영을 위하여 LSTM, GRU보다 적은 계산량을 가지는 Minimal-RNN Unit을 적용하였다. 마지막으로 지배소 인식을 위하여 각 어절 사이의 상대 거리 임베딩을 반영한 Self-Attention 지배소 인식 모델을 제안하고, 의존관계 레이블 인식을 위하여 지배소 인식 모델과 동시에 학습을 수행하는 multi-task learning을 적용하였다. 평가를 위하여 세종계획 구구조 구문분석 말뭉치를 TTA 표준 의존 구조 가이드라인에 따라 변환하였고, 실험결과 제안 모델이 UAS 93.38%, LAS 90.42%의 구문분석 정확도를 보였다.
KSP Keywords
Max-pooling, multi-task
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