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Conference Paper A Case for Software-based Adaptive Routing in NUMA Systems
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Authors
Wonjun Song, John Kim
Issue Date
2019-11
Citation
International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD) 2019, pp.684-693
Language
English
Type
Conference Paper
DOI
https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICCD46524.2019.00100
Abstract
Memory placement in NUMA systems has a significant impact on overall performance; however, most prior work has not considered the performance impact of NUMA interconnect as a deterministic routing have been used to access a remote memory. In this work, we propose adaptive routing in NUMA interconnect to exploit path diversity in NUMA systems. In particular, we propose a software-based adaptive routing where packet routing paths are changed by modifying the routing table dynamically during runtime - thus, reducing interconnect channel contention and improving overall performance. Adaptive routing does not minimize memory contention but since the interconnect channel can be shared by multiple NUMA nodes and creates contention, adaptive routing maximizes the interconnect bandwidth by load-balancing traffic across different interconnect channels. We provide a proof-of-concept implementation of software-based adaptive routing on AMD Hypertransport-based system and demonstrate performance benefits, including how it is orthogonal to thread and memory schedulers and complements existing OS (or NUMA) schedulers.
KSP Keywords
Adaptive routing, Channel contention, Load balancing, NUMA Systems, Overall performance, Packet routing, Path diversity, Performance impact, Remote Memory, Routing Path, Routing table