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Journal Article
Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases and FoxO3a in HaCaT Keratinocytes by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure
- Authors
- Ju Hwan Kim, Dong-Jun Kang, Jun-Sang Bae, Jai Hyuen Lee, Sangbong Jeon, Hyung-Do Choi, Nam Kim, Hyung-Gun Kim, Hak Rim Kim
- Issue Date
- 2021-04
- Citation
- Scientific Reports, v.11, pp.1-10
- ISSN
- 2045-2322
- Publisher
- Nature Research
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- As the skin is the largest body organ and critically serves as a barrier, it is frequently exposed and could be physiologically affected by radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure. In this study, we found that 1760혻MHz RF-EMF (4.0혻W/kg specific absorption rate for 2혻h/day during 4 days) exposure could induce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HaCaT human keratinocytes using 2??,7??-dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescent probe analysis. However, cell growth and viability were unaffected by RF-EMF exposure. Since oxidative stress in the skin greatly influences the skin-aging process, we analyzed the skin senescence-related factors activated by ROS generation. Matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 7 (MMP1, MMP3, and MMP7), the main skin wrinkle-related proteins, were significantly increased in HaCaT cells after RF-EMF exposure. Additionally, the gelatinolytic activities of secreted MMP2 and MMP9 were also increased by RF-EMF exposure. FoxO3a (Ser318/321) and ERK1/2 (Thr 202/Tyr 204) phosphorylation levels were significantly increased by RF-EMF exposure. However, Bcl2 and Bax expression levels were not significantly changed, indicating that the apoptotic pathway was not activated in keratinocytes following RF-EMF exposure. In summary, our findings show that exposure to 1760혻MHz RF-EMF induces ROS generation, leading to MMP activation and FoxO3a and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These data suggest that RF-EMF exposure induces cellular senescence of skin cells through ROS induction in HaCaT human keratinocytes.
- KSP Keywords
- Aging process, Cell growth, EMF Exposure, Electromagnetic Field(EMF), Electromagnetic field exposure, Fluorescent probe, HaCaT cells, Human keratinocytes, Matrix metalloproteinases, Oxidative stress, ROS generation
This work is distributed under the term of Creative Commons License (CCL)
(CC BY)
(CC BY)
