교통 신호 제어는 도로의 한정된 용량을 효율적으로 사용하기 위해 중요한 역할을 한다. 전통적인 교통 신호 제어 방법은 미리 설정된 신호를 기반으로 운영되기 때문에 수시로 변하는 교통 상황에 대응하기 어렵다. 최근에 복잡한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 강화학습이 주목을 받으면서 효율적인 교통 신호 제어를 위해 강화학습을 사용하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 전통적인 방법과 비교하여 대기 시간이나 여행 시간이 개선되는 것을 시뮬레이션을 통해 입증하였으나 대부분의 연구가 실제 신호의 제약조건을 반영하지 않아 현실에 적용하기에는 부적합하게 설계되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 현실에 존재하는 신호 운영 체계의 제약조건을 반영하여 비교적 현실 적용 가능하며 교통량 변화에 대응할 수 있는 강화학습 기반의 신호 제어 방법을 제안한다.
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