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Journal Article
Exposure to Long-term Evolution Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Decreases Neuroblastoma Cell Proliferation via Akt/mTOR-mediated Cellular Senescence
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- Authors
- Ju Hwan Kim, Sangbong Jeon, Hyung-Do Choi, Jae-Hun Lee, Jun-Sang Bae, Nam Kim, Hyung-Gun Kim, Kyu-Bong Kim, Hak Rim Kim
- Issue Date
- 2021-10
- Citation
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v.84, no.20, pp.846-857
- ISSN
- 1528-7394
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the potential effects of long-term evolution (LTE) radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on cell proliferation using SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. The growth rate and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells were significantly decreased upon exposure to 1760혻MHz RF-EMF at 4혻W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) for 4혻hr/day for 4혻days. Cell cycle analysis indicated that the cell cycle was delayed in the G0/G1 phase after RF-EMF exposure. However, DNA damage or apoptosis was not involved in the reduced cellular proliferation following RF-EMF exposure because the expression levels of histone H2A.X at Ser139 (款H2AX) were not markedly altered and the apoptotic pathway was not activated. However, SH-SY5Y cells exposed to RF-EMF exhibited a significant elevation in Akt and mTOR phosphorylation levels. In addition, the total amount of p53 and phosphorylated-p53 was significantly increased. Data suggested that Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence led to p53 activation via stimulation of the mTOR pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. The transcriptional activation of p53 led to a rise in expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p27. Further, subsequent inhibition of CDK2 and CDK4 produced a fall in phosphorylated retinoblastoma (pRb at Ser807/811), which decreased cell proliferation. Taken together, these data suggest that exposure to RF-EMF might induce Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence, which may delay the cell cycle without triggering DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
- KSP Keywords
- Cell cycle analysis, Cellular proliferation, DNA Damage, EMF Exposure, Electromagnetic Field(EMF), G1 phase, Growth Rate, Histone H2A, Long Term Evolution(LTE), SH-SY5Y cells, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells