2016년 1월 스위스 다보스포럼에서 제기된 4차 산업혁명이 실체를 지니고 있는지 아닌지가 논의되고 있지만, 대부분의 사람들은 인공지능으로 대표되는 기술변화가 무언가를 변화시킬 수 있다는 인식이 확산되었다. 본 논문에서는 4차 산업혁명에 대하여 산업혁명이라 명명할 수 있는지, 산업혁명이란 얼마만큼의 사회, 경제적 파급력을 가져야 하는지 등에 대하여 가볍게 생각해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 미국의 사회학자이자 미래학자인 제레미 리프킨(Jeremy Rifkin)의 기고, 미국의 경제사학자인 로버트 고든(Robert Gordon)의 주장, 과학기술정책연구원(STEPI)에서 제시한 논문 등을 살펴보았다. 학자들은 대부분 4차산업혁명이라 명명하기에는 부족하다는 주장이 많으나, 우리의 입장에서는 3차 산업혁명이든 4차 산업혁명이든 변화에 대처하고 적응하는 방법이 더 중요하다고 여기고 있다. 1차 산업혁명, 2차 산업혁명은 시간이 지나고 역사학자들이 붙인 시대 구분인 것처럼, 3차 산업혁명의 연장인지 아니면 4차 산업혁명이 진행 중인지는 시간이 지나야 알 수 있을 것 같다.
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