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Journal Article
Recognition of Respiratory Instability Using a Photoplethysmography of Wrist-watch Type Wearable Device
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- Issue Date
- 2022-04
- Citation
- IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, v.11, no.2, pp.97-104
- ISSN
- 2287-5255
- Publisher
- 대한전자공학회 (IEIE)
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- The photoplethysmography signal is composed of a cardiac-synchronous pulsatile waveform and different parts, which is modulated in amplitude by respiration. This paper presents a new indexing method similar to the apnea-hypopnea index and respiratory disturbance index for the self-diagnosis of sleep apnea symptoms (central and obstructed apnea) by using only a photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. Sleep apnea is a sleeping disorder from several chronic conditions in which partial or complete cessation of breathing occurs many times throughout sleep at night. A respiratory rate signal (respiration-induced intensity variation) is modulated by synchronizing with the breathing rhythm extracted from PPG using a reflected light on the top of the wrist. This paper presents a new automated recognition and estimation method for daytime apnea and sleep-induced apnea using a wristwatch-type wearable device that can recognize irregular breathing using respiratory rate frequency-based features. The new respiratory effort strength index is proposed to quantify sleep apnea by determining how much a patient is suffering.