5G NR은 기존 통신 시스템보다 훨씬 더 복잡하고, 기하급수적으로 증가하는 데이터 트래픽에 유연하게 대처해야 하며, 빠르게 변하는 네트워크 환경에서 실시간으로 최적의 의사 결정을 내려야 한다. 또한, 방대한 데이터를 빠르게 분석하고 예측하여 실시간 의사 결정을 지원해야 하고, 사용자의 요구 사항이 다양하고 동적으로 변화하는 가운데 사용자 경험 향상을 도모해야 한다. 이러한 다양한 요구 사항을 충족하고 5G 네트워크의 성능을 최적화하며 사용자의 행동 패턴을 분석하고 개인화된 서비스를 제공하기 위해 Artificial Intelligence(AI)와 Machine Learning(ML) 기술의 적극적 연구와 활용이 필요하게 되었다.
본 고에서는 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP), 5G New Radio(NR) 무선 인터페이스 분야에서 그동안 연구한 AI/ML에 대한 개념과 주요 기술 그리고 유즈 케이스를 중심으로 알아보고자 한다.
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