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An Ultracompact 6-bit Phase Shifter Using Active Balun Embedded Vector-Sum Core
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- Authors
- Seonjeong Park, Jayol Lee, Kyunghwan Park
- Issue Date
- 2025-07
- Citation
- IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters, v.35, no.7, pp.1025-1028
- ISSN
- 2771-957X
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- This letter introduces an ultracompact, high-resolution X-band active phase shifter (PS) featuring an active balun embedded vector-sum (VS) circuit. With a compact size of 0.22 mm2 , it utilizes a novel structure that integrates the balun within the vector summing circuit, eliminating the need for extra baluns to generate a differential signal. It also employs a small-size ribbon-type inductor for input matching of in-phase (I) and the quadrature-phase (Q) generator. The proposed PS has high accuracy due to both a low IQ error caused by the constant input impedance of the VS circuit regardless of the phase changes and high-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The chip is manufactured using a 65-nm CMOS process, achieving a high phase resolution of 5.625° and exhibiting low root-mean-square (rms) phase and gain errors of less than 1.14° and 0.34 dB within 7.15–8.9 GHz. It demonstrates a peak gain of −1.3 dB and has a power consumption of 10.38 mW.
- KSP Keywords
- 2 mm, Active Balun, CMOS Process, Compact size, Constant input, Gain errors, High accuracy, High resolution, In-phase, Input matching, Phase change