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Cost-effective receiver optical subassembly with PLC-based arrayed waveguide grating for fiber Bragg grating sensors
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- Authors
- Yubin Choe, Dae-Gil Kim, Hyunjin Kim, Hyun Seo Kang, Hyoung-Jun Park
- Issue Date
- 2025-12
- Citation
- IEEE Sensors Journal, v.25, no.24, pp.43909-43920
- ISSN
- 1530-437X
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- Fiber Bragg grating (FBG), despite its merits, remains limited in its ability to replace electronic sensors due to bulky and costly demodulation systems. To overcome this limitation, a compact and cost-effective arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based receiver optical subassembly (ROSA) is proposed. The AWG in the ROSA was fabricated on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) platform through Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD) and photolithography, making it suitable for mass production. The 10 mm × 4 mm AWG chip was assembled with components such as a metal optical bench (MOB), a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), a flexible printed circuit board (F-PCB), and a photodetector (PD) array. The AWG–ROSA comprises four channels with central wavelengths of 1539.1 nm, 1549.1 nm, 1559.1 nm, and 1569.05 nm. Temperature experiments were performed from 110°C to –10°C and compared with thermocouple measurements. The results showed a maximum error of 0.57°C, and the FBG sensor exhibited a faster response time than the thermocouple. Moreover, its high sensitivity enabled the detection of subtle fluctuations induced by the temperature controller. From this analysis, the average temperature sensitivity was determined to be approximately 27.4 mV/°C (2.74 mV/pm). Repeatability was examined by applying three temperature cycles between 0°C and 100°C. Pearson correlation revealed that all cycles exhibited a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9994, indicating excellent measurement consistency. Dynamic demodulation performance was assessed by applying a strain of 116.67 με using a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric actuator, with periodic waveforms reconstructed. The strain sensitivity was calculated as 4 mV/με.
- KSP Keywords
- 5 nm, As 4, Average temperature, Bragg grating sensors, Correlation Coefficient, Electronic sensors, FBG sensor, Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG), Flame hydrolysis deposition, Flexible printed circuit board, High Sensitivity