Firefighters require high-fidelity training for unpredictable emergency situations. While Virtual Reality (VR) offers a safe alternative for simulating complex scenarios, conventional Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) remain incompatible with essential Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) masks. This paper presents the design and implementation of an ultra-slim, immersive HMD engineered for seamless integration within a standard SCBA mask. Our design prioritizes authentic sensory feedback by allowing trainees to wear their real firefighting equipment (e.g., SCBA) during VR training. Building on our prior work[7], this study details three further design iterations using folded ''pancake'' optics. These iterations culminated in an optical module 18-21 mm thick with a field of view exceeding 100°, achieved through enhanced user-centered design strategies and improved integration with actual firefighting equipment, particularly evident in our third prototype. Ultimately, we strive to close the gap between VR training simulations and the authentic experience of real firefighting operations.
KSP Keywords
Field of View(FoV), Head mounted displays(HMD), High-fidelity, Optical module, Real-world, Sensory Feedback, User-centered Design, Virtual Reality, complex scenarios, design and implementation, design strategy
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