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Journal Article
Two-Level Beam Selection Algorithm for mmWave Wireless Power Transfer Systems: Training Overhead Reduction and Performance Analysis
- Authors
- Seungsu Chung, Jaeyeon Ha, Jaehyun Park, Jae Cheol Park, Jungick Moon
- Issue Date
- 2026-04
- Citation
- IEEE Access, v.14, pp.51225-51237
- ISSN
- 2169-3536
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Language
- English
- Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- Millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless power transfer (WPT) systems require efficient beam selection algorithms to maximize energy harvesting at wireless charging devices (WCDs). The conventional exhaustive codebook search method, while optimal, requires significant training overhead that reduces the time available for actual power transfer. This paper proposes a novel two-level beam selection algorithm that significantly reduces the training time slots while maintaining near-optimal energy harvesting performance. The proposed algorithm employs a hierarchical approach: first, it uses sum beams to identify the angle group containing the optimal beam direction, and then applies difference beams with decision statistics based on the difference-to-sum ratio (DSR) to determine the final beam selection within the identified group. We provide a comprehensive analytical framework using detection theory to characterize the beam selection error probability. Furthermore, we develop an optimal resource allocation framework that determines the optimal number of beams to maximize harvested energy by exploiting the concavity property of the harvested energy function. A bisection-based optimization algorithm is proposed to efficiently find the optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves higher harvested energy compared to the exhaustive codebook search method by reducing training overhead.
- Keyword
- beam selection, energy harvesting, millimeter-wave communications, monopulse radar, Wireless power transfer
- KSP Keywords
- Beam selection, Codebook search, Detection Theory, Harvesting performance, Hierarchical approach, Monopulse radar, Optimal number, Optimization algorithm, Overhead reduction, Performance analysis, Training time
This work is distributed under the term of Creative Commons License (CCL)
(CC BY)
(CC BY)
