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Conference Paper
When and Where to Reset Matters for Long-Term Test-Time Adaptation
- Authors
- Taejun Lim, Joong-Won Hwang, Kibok Lee
- Issue Date
- 2026-04
- Citation
- International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) 2026, pp.1-28
- Publisher
- International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)
- Language
- English
- Type
- Conference Paper
- Abstract
- When continual test-time adaptation (TTA) persists over the long term, errors accumulate in the model and further cause it to predict only a few classes for all inputs, a phenomenon known as model collapse. Recent studies have explored reset strategies that completely erase these accumulated errors. However, their periodic resets lead to suboptimal adaptation, as they occur independently of the actual risk of collapse. Moreover, their full resets cause catastrophic loss of knowledge acquired over time, even though such knowledge could be beneficial in the future. To this end, we propose (1) an Adaptive and Selective Reset (ASR) scheme that dynamically determines when and where to reset, (2) an importance-aware regularizer to recover essential knowledge lost due to reset, and (3) an on-the-fly adaptation adjustment scheme to enhance adaptability under challenging domain shifts. Extensive experiments across long-term TTA benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, particularly under challenging conditions. Our code is available at https://github.com/YonseiML/asr.
- Keyword
- Test-Time Adaptation, Continual Test-Time Adaptation, Long-Term Test-Time Adaptation
- KSP Keywords
- Long-term test, On-the-fly, Over time, Risk of collapse
This work is distributed under the term of Creative Commons License (CCL)
(CC BY)
(CC BY)
