본 연구는 대규모 언어모델(LLM)을 활용하여 Windows 11 STIG(Security Technical Implementation Guide)와 CVE(Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) 간의 의미적 관련성을 분석하고, 이를 NIST SP 800-53 보안통제 관점에서 해석하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 Windows 11 STIG V2R7 XML과 NVD 기반 Windows 관련 CVE 데이터셋을 구축하고, severity 분포를 반영한 30개 STIG 항목과 상위 20개 CVE를 조합하여 총 600개의 STIG–CVE 후보쌍을 구성하였다. GPT-5.4와 Claude Sonnet 4.5를 적용한 실험 결과, 두 모델의 판단 일치율은 95.17%로 나타났으며, 수동 정답셋 평가에서는 GPT-5.4가 Precision 78.6%, F1-score 75.9%로 더 높은 성능을 보였다. 본 연구는 LLM 기반 STIG–CVE 의미 매핑이 보안 설정 요구사항과 공개 취약점 간의 관계 분석 및 위험 기반 보안 통제 분석에 활용될 수 있음을 보여준다.
KSP Keywords
F1-score, technical implementation
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