본 논문은 한국 전통 목조 건축의 핵심 부재인 공포(栱包)의 3D 디지털 표현을 다룬다. 공포는 부재 종류가 많고 살미, 첨차, 소로, 주두 등 기하학적으로 유사한 클래스가 다수 존재하며, 확보 가능한 3D 데이터의 규모도 제한적이어서 일반 도메인의 사전학습 모델만으로는 부재 단위 분류, 검색에 활용 가능한 임베딩을 얻기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구는 국보 12종의 CAD 모델로부터 8개 클래스, 360개의 공포 부재 포인트클라우드 데이터셋을 구축하고, ULIP2로 사전학습된 PointBERT 백본에 대해 (가) 사전학습 가중치, (나) MCB 미세조정, (다) ModelNet40 미세조정, (라) 공포 데이터 미세조정의 네 가지 설정의 임베딩을 UMAP 시각화를 통해 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 일반 도메인 데이터인 MCB, ModelNet40으로 미세조정한 모델은 공포 부재 클래스를 충분히 분리하지 못한 반면, 공포 데이터로 직접 미세조정한 모델은 8개 클래스 클러스터를 시각적으로 명확히 분리함을 확인하였다. 본 결과는 문화재와 같은 특수 도메인 3D 표현 학습에서 도메인 자체 데이터에 대한 직접 미세조정이 필수적임을 시사한다.
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