본 논문에서는 현재 표준화가 진행중인 HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding)의 고정 비트율(CBR: Constant Bitrate) 부호화를 위한 비트율 제어(rate control) 기법을 다룬다. 기존의 H.264/AVC의 비트율 제어 기법에서는 계층적 부호화 구조의 특성을 고려하지 못한 제어 기법을 사용하여 정확한 비트율 제어에 어려움이 있다. 현재 HEVC의 참조 소프트웨어인 HM(HEVC test Model)에는 CBR부호화를 위한 비트율 제어 알고리즘이 제공되지 않은 상태이며, 추후 비트율 제어 모듈이 추가될 것으로 예상된다. 이때 HM의 공통 실험조건에 정의된 임의접근(Random Access: RA) 모드의 계층적 부호화 구조에서의 보다 정확한 비트율 제어가 요구된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 계층적 부호화 구조에서의 효율적인 비트율 제어를 위해 2차 비트율-왜곡(Rate-Distortion: R-D) 모델 기반의 시간계층 및 프레임 타입에 따른 비트율 특성을 반영한 비트율 제어 기법을 제시한다. 또한, 제어 단위에 따른 비트 변동율과 화질 손실 간에 발생하는 상충관계를 고려하여 비트율 제어 단위를 프레임 단위와 HEVC의 기본 부호화 단위(Coding Unit: CU)로 설정하고 모의실험을 통해 계층적 부호화 구조를 위해 제시된 기법의 비트율 제어 성능을 확인한다.
KSP Keywords
Coding unit(CU), HEVC Test Model(HM), Random Access, Rate Control, high efficiency video coding, rate-distortion
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