세계는 지금, 국가 간 AI 패권 경쟁이 본격화됐다. AI 개발속도는 우리의 예상을 벗어났고 AI 확산속도의 국가 간 격차는 점점 벌어지고 있다. 기존 범용기술과 다른 궤적을 그리는 AI 기술은, 향후 10년 새로운 경제·정치 패권 구도를 향한 강대국 간 핵심적인 경쟁의 장을 만들고 있다. 기술이 경제, 국제정치 등과 강하게 동조하기 시작했고, 인공지능은 이들 메가트렌드를 관통하며 전 지구적으로 충격파를 던지고 있기 때문이다. 범용기술로서 AI의 특별함은 획기적인 생산성 향상뿐 아니라 디지털 경제의 데이터 흐름을 바꾸는 힘과, 전례없이 빠른 확산속도에 있다. 그리고 이것의 파급력은 모든 나라에 성장과 지속가능성을 위협하는 새로운 도전과제를 던지고 있다. 본 보고서에서는 AI 기술 자체의 중요성을 넘어 왜 ‘국가’가 지능화를 주도해야 하는지를 거시적 관점에서 통찰해보고자 한다. 민간주도의 자율적 성장이 한계에 부딪히고, 국가 간 자유무역질서가 흔들리는 글로벌 정세를 직시함으로써, 새로운 국가 성장의 모멘텀을 확보하기 위함이다.
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