6G는 5G 이동통신의 고속, 저지연, 대규모 연결 특성을 바탕으로 기술 성능과 서비스 체험을 최적화하며, 통신서비스 범위를 현실 세계에서 가상세계까지 확장할 것으로 전망된다. 인체의 디지털 트윈, 공중에서의 고속 인터넷, 홀로그래픽 기반 확장현실(XR), 스마트 시티 클러스터, 글로벌 응급구조통신, 스마트 팩토리, 네트워크 로봇 및 자율시스템 등 다양한 응용 시나리오가 제시된다. 6G 네트워크는 초대용량, 극소거리 통신, 초고속 전송속도(최대 100Gbps~1Tbps), 초저지연(0.1ms), 높은 연결 밀도, 에너지 효율성 등에서 5G 대비 획기적 성능 향상이 기대된다. 이를 위해 차세대 채널 코딩 및 변조, 초대형 스케일 안테나, 테라헤르츠(THz) 통신, 육해공 통합 통신, AI 기반 무선통신, 블록체인, 동적 주파수 공유 등 다양한 핵심기술이 연구되고 있다. 중국은 6G 후보 주파수 대역 연구 강화, 국제협력 및 산학연 협력 촉진, 핵심기술 개발 및 전방산업 육성, 미래 융합 시나리오 연구 등을 통해 6G 기술 선도와 산업 경쟁력 강화를 추진하고 있다.
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