이동통신 인프라는 10년 주기로 세대가 발전·구축되고 있으며, 6G 서비스는 선도국에서 2028~2030년경 최초로 상용화될 것으로 예상된다. 6G는 5G 대비 더 큰 용량, 빠른 전송속도 및 반응속도, 고속이동성 제공, 공중으로 서비스 확대 등 개선된 기술 특성으로 기존 장비·서비스 시장을 대체하고 신규 융합 서비스 시장을 창출할 전망이다. 주요국들은 2030년경 상용화가 예상되는 6세대(6G) 이동통신 시장의 주도권 확보를 위해 구체적인 전략 발표 및 연구개발(R&D)을 추진하고 있다. 각국의 선진 연구기관은 기존 5G 이동통신 3대 KPI를 확장하는 형태로 6G 이동통신에 대한 개념 수립 및 관련 기초 연구에 착수하고 있다. 국가 차원의 효과적인 국내 6G 추진전략 수립을 위해서는 해외 6G 정책 및 R&D 전략 현황을 모니터링하고 심층 분석하는 작업이 필수적이다. 본 보고서는 지금까지 발표된 선도 국가들의 주요 6G 이동통신 R&D 전략들을 검토·분석하여 시사점을 도출하고, 향후 대응 방향을 제시하고자 한다.
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