본 보고서는 블록체인 기술의 다양한 응용 사례와 현황을 분석하여, 서비스 인프라로서의 잠재력과 산업 활성화에 대한 인사이트를 제공하고자 하였다. 블록체인 기술은 네트워크 내 모든 참여자가 공동으로 거래 정보를 검증, 기록, 보관할 수 있는 분산장부기술로, 금융뿐만 아니라 산업 전반의 생태계를 변화시킬 잠재력을 보유하고 있다. 최근 블록체인에 대한 관심은 기술 중심에서 시장 중심으로 이동하고 있으며, 암호화폐, 금융기관, 산업특화, 공공조직, 민간기업 등 다양한 주체와 분야에서 응용이 확산되고 있다. 금융 부문에서는 결제, 송금, 화폐 등의 기능을 통해 먼저 적용되었으며, 이후 비금융 산업으로 활용이 확대되고 있다. 각 분야별로 블록체인 도입 목적과 방식에 차이가 있으며, 응용 사례를 통해 산업별 특성과 시사점을 도출하였다. 블록체인 기술과 시장은 모두 성장 초기 단계로, 혁신 및 비즈니스화를 위한 다양한 시도가 진행 중이다. 본 보고서는 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 블록체인 산업 활성화를 위한 방향성을 제시하였다.
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