LED는 2000년대에 들어서면서 생활 전반에 사용되기 시작하여 최근에는 자동차용 부품과 TV의 back light unit에 이르기까지 모든 분야에서 다양한 용도로 사용되고 있다. 본 기고에서는 이러한 LED의 기판을 포함한 에피, 칩, 그리고 패키지 기술의 중요한 이슈와 기술의 동향에 대하여 간략히 정리하였다. 상용화되어 사용되는 사파이어나 SiC 기판 이외에 연구개발이 진행중인 GaN 기판 기술 등을 소개하고, 에피 기술에서는 활성층과 클래딩층 성장 기술의 이슈들을 제시하며, 칩의 종류와 특성을 중심으로 droop 현상과 광추출 기술 등을 살펴보고, 다양한 패키지의 종류 및 특징 등을 포함하는 LED 분야의 기술 동향에 대하여 설명한다.
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